The Buck Institute For Education - 969 Words

Gold Standard PBL The Buck Institute for Education (BIE) combined current research and theory with the experience of expert PBL educators to cultivate Gold Standard PBL, a framework for rigorous, high quality PBL design, implementation, and assessment. The term Gold Standard is used in many industries and fields to indicate the highest quality process or product. PBL institutions have adopted the term to indicate the standard of instruction that PBL teachers must strive for, Gold Standard PBL (BIE, 2015). There are seven project design elements centering around the knowledge, understanding, and success skills that students must develop. The elements are challenging problem or question, sustained inquiry, authenticity, student voice and choice, reflection, critique and revision, and public product (Larmer, Mergendoller, Boss, 2015). Elements of Gold Standard PBL A well designed project begins with what students must learn, and the learning targets are delineated in the content standards of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). Students develop conceptual understanding of key knowledge and learn how to apply them to real world situations, to solve problems, answer complex questions and create high quality products. In the process of acquiring knowledge and learning how to apply them, students develop critical thinking skills, learn to work well with others, and become effective self–managers (BIE, 2015). Challenging problem or question. Challenge is critical toShow MoreRelatedThe Contributions of Doctor Gordon Buck1322 Words   |  5 PagesWith this being said, a man named Gurdon Buck has shaped the way the medical field is being viewed today. Gurdon Buck, â€Å"also known as the father of modern plastic surgery†, is recognized for being the first doctor to include pre and post-operative photographs into his publications. Doctor Buck is acknowledged for being the first person to photograph the development of his operations and the first to make steady changes over several operations. Gurdon Buck is also given credit to for the use of tinyRead MoreAsthma Stepwise Management Of Asthma1272 Words   |  6 Pagesanalysis to be completed by the healthcare provider such as obtaining a health history, doing a physical appraisal, chest X-ray, and the measurement of airflow impediment to understand the severity of the ailment (Thomas, 2015). According to Conner and Buck (2013), asthma therapy are branded into two general genres namely the long-term control that is taken consistently as the maintenance to attain and uphold rheostat of the stubborn asthma, and quick relief utilized as the rescue treatment to obtainRead MoreIs a College Degree Really Worth It? Essay1380 Words   |  6 Pages In present day, it is expected that after high school students continue their education to college. Therefore, it is no surprise to say that most students follow the pedigree, making a bachelor’s degree dilute to the value of a high school diploma. Yes, it is great that you obtained a bachelor’s degree, but it doesn’t differentiate you from the other hundred people who apply for the job position. Now, advanced degrees like masters and doctorates are what count. Not only does it [bachelor’s degree]Read MoreFinancing Funding And Student Achievement1651 Words   |  7 Pagesincentive pay is a resource distribution strategy used in education to reward teachers for the outcomes they achieved (Klein, 2015. p.2). The problem that arises is that schools that achieve results receive additional funds and those that decrease has to face the reduction in funds. While this may look all fine and dandy, there are many negative connotations that are associated with in centive pay practices. The U.S. Department of Education provides incentive pay funding to help districts implementRead MoreA Research On My Sophomore Honors English Class1693 Words   |  7 Pagescitizen in our community. The more I learned of project-based learning the more I saw the benefits for my â€Å"traditional† English students. So I searched for one unit that I could incorporate into my class. My search brought me to the Buck Institute for Education (BIE) which is a non-profit organization that provides resources on project-based learning. Their Back in the Day unit supplied a step-by step teaching guide, student handouts and teacher materials. Now, today after guiding almost 90Read MoreGive People Shares Of Gdp1551 Words   |  7 Pagesfind the article to be somewhat vague. VC Firms should invest in riskier projects and drive innovation, but in the end, their ultimate purpose is to make profits, so they will always be lured by the possibility of exploiting a bubble or making a quick buck with and anticipated IPO. Just as well, entrepreneurs in many cases gain lots of knowledge and wise advise from the VCs â€Å"babysitting†, it is an integrate part of what makes VC financing appealing to young startups. The article is somewhat dismissiveRead MoreIs Canada Really A Better Option?805 Words   |  4 Pagesanalysis of the two countries, I was not too surprised how similar they were in their raw statistics. There were some differences that I will point out, and it led me to draw a few conclusions on the ‘better’ place to live, especially receive an education. Educating a countries citizen is a paramount goal for both countries. Both countries rank in the top ten for amount of money allocated per student at a primary level with U.S. ranked 4th and Canada ranked 9th. Although there is a significant differenceRead MoreStatement of Purpose on Engineering657 Words   |  3 Pagesin the class XII exam. This was my first step towards study of engineering as my undergraduate academic pursuit. Exemplary marks in my high school and top 1% rank in All India Engineering Entrance Exam helped me to secure admission to National Institute of Technology (NIT), one of the premier engineering colleges of India. Among the multitude of courses, offered in the engineering discipline, the field that is unique and offers immense diversification for research and higher studies is ElectronicsRead MoreHistory Of Positive Psychology : Martin Seligman s Speech997 Words   |  4 Pagesof the conditions and processes that contribute to the flourishing or optimal functioning of people, groups, and institutions†. Sheldon and King (2001) describe it as â€Å" nothing more than the scientific study of ordinary human strengths and virtues† (Buck, Carr, Robertson,2008, p.28). In summary, positive psychology is the focused on â€Å"how emotions and protective factors contribute to the flourishing of an individuals and societies† (Domingues, Coppock, Pena, 2015, p.1). Before World War II, psychologyRead More Methylphenidate: Calming Chaos or Cultural Genocide? Essay895 Words   |  4 Pagesincreasing diagnosis and treatment rate of AD/HD. The affect, in turn, is a sizable circulation of methylphenidate. Controversial theories and incongruous studies present two perspectives on the long-term impact of methylphenidate use. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) has been pursuing further studies to determine whether AD/HD can lead to increased risks of substance abuse and addiction. Two theories, examine the study using differing catalysts for addiction—medications used in the treatment

Essay on The Human Resource Frame Analysis Team Work

Frames Analysis Structural Frame One of the main issues impeding the efficiency and preventing successful teamwork in this situation was uncertainty with the structural design of this project team. I was more familiar (and comfortable) with a rigid chain of command structure. My belief that we should be precisely executing the stated orders of our Navy leadership created obstacles for the other team members. Other more academically inclined team members were less oriented toward this centralized structure and therefore did not comprehend my opposition to their content ideas. As soon as it became apparent that there were significant differences with the team’s structural identity, one course of action would have been to begin by†¦show more content†¦Policies I was not prepared for the opposition that was exhibited toward my views and I felt threatened as a result. Because of this perceived threat, I withdrew and dug in when confronted which led to the breakdown in communication a nd created further tension. When the argument escalated there was no clear policy in place that would have helped to mend the issue. Technology Because the various members of the team were geographically separated throughout most of the project, the use of information technology (email and file sharing) was crucial to success. When the conflict escalated this communication technology also broke down. Restricting the use of technology affected the team’s structure by not allowing for a more de-centralized approach. Environment The structural environment that existed within our project team was far from stable. In such a case, Bolman and Deal suggests that in order to prevent structural tensions groups should use differentiation and integration. That is, they need to establish clear divisions of labor and assignment of responsibilities (Bolman Deal, 2013). Since this project’s structural environment was not stable, I incorrectly assumed ownership of the entire project content and I was not open to listening to others views. Human Resources Frame The time that was wasted due to interpersonal conflict among the projects team resulted from not understanding the benefit ofShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Frame Analysis On Human Resources Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pages Case II Human Resource Frame Analysis The human resource frame is known to operate from drastically different paradigms. Bolman and Deal (2013, p. 113) state that opposing paradigms are identified when an individual asks which statement is true; 1.) â€Å"Our most important asset is our people†, or 2.) â€Å"Organizations exploit people --chew them up and spit them out† (Bolman Deal, 2013, p. 113). Upon analyzing GWC’s human resource frame, we recognize that GWC does not align organizational needsRead MoreProject Planning: Questions1450 Words   |  6 Pages stakeholders c. team members b. end users d. functional managers ____ 2. The ____ focuses on different groups’ roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management. a. structural frame c. symbolic frame b. political frame d. human resources frame ____ 3. During project planning in a matrix organization, the project manager determines that additional human resources are needed. From whom would he request these resources? a. Project manager Read MoreWhat Is My Frame?1153 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is my frame? Upon assessment with the tool provided, my results reflected that I have a somewhat balanced orientation that doesn t lean strongly toward any one of the four approaches. Leadership Orientations Self-Assessment: The results for raw scores and percentile scores for each of the four frames (Figure 1) reflect the numbers hovering almost around 50 percentiles. As per tool assessment this result indicates almost balanced orientation towards all the frames. The characteristics of fourRead MoreThe Model Of The Organization Frames887 Words   |  4 PagesThe first introduction to the model of the organization frames (pg. 19) my initial thoughts were solidly in line with the Structure frame. This makes sense in the way I think and maneuver within organizations. As we have progressed through the text, awareness of other approaches has widened. The realization that it takes multiple methodologies to be successful as an organization is very clear now. This is something that most people grasp intuitively; however being able to apply definitions to providesRead MoreHuman Resources. Sasnett Ross (2007) Notes That â€Å"The1185 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Resources Sasnett Ross (2007) notes that â€Å"the human resource frame focuses on the needs of people. Leaders will value the feelings and relationships of people, and assume the organization must meet basic human needs through facilitation and empowerment† (p. 2). From my position as the organization’s senior enlisted advisor, there were numerous documented advisements to allocate fiscal year funds to contract IBM integration specialists, conduct hands-on data integrator training, andRead MoreInfrastructure, Resources And Cost Analysis1256 Words   |  6 Pages4 INFRASTRUCTURE, RESOURCES AND COST ANALYSIS 4.1 Infrastructure Analysis As mentioned in the comprehensive infrastructure analysis section above. The planned smart phone application will be incorporated into the current three-tier web platform architecture. The smart phone application will be the new presentation tier which hosts static contents and communicate with the logical tier through secured https protocol. The logical tier then communicate with the date tier, processes the request and responseRead MoreIntroductory Paragraph : Present Frames802 Words   |  4 Pagescomments – present frames to be leveraged As a kid growing up, I used to think that going to work, for an organization, was going to be simple; go to work, do your job and leave when your shift is over. But as I got myself in to the workforce, it was nothing I have dreamt of. Going to work is more than simply going into work, it involves being able to understanding the environment from the many perspectives. Each individual may have different frames that they view their work environment but thereRead MoreCareer Development Plan1719 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: Career Development Plan Career Development Plan Part II - Development of a Training and Mentoring Program Chentrell M. Williams, MPA Human Capital Management – HRM 531 University of Phoenix Career Development Plan Part II - Development of a Training and Mentoring Program On February 22, 2005, InterClean, Inc. became a major force in the sanitation industry after acquiring a key competitor, EnviroTech. The company established a new strategicRead MoreHrm Strategy : A Case Study On Ikea1375 Words   |  6 PagesIKEA 1. Introduction The human resource function has undergone throughout its history major transformations and evolutions. Concepts managements have given way to others as imposed by the globalization of markets and by a workforce more educated: more fluid and diverse. In this context of internationalization, companies are anxious to take their benefit so as to seek the most advantageous model management. United States speak of mobilizing and unifying model of human resources. Warner (2011) discussesRead More Business Analysis of Gulf States Metals Inc. Essay4372 Words   |  18 PagesBusiness Analysis of Gulf States Metals Inc. Gulf States Metals Inc. (GSM) is a large nickel refinery plant that has suffered poor financial performance and is under the threat of being shut down by its parent company International Metals Inc. This paper aims

Faust and Romanticism Free Essays

In Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s tragic play Faust, we see the romantic side of the ninteenth century. In the age of romanticism we see the dominance and assertion of a more individualist society heavily based on imagination and freedom. When society became more heavily individualized poets began to take advantage of this and write plays based on individual characters like Faust. We will write a custom essay sample on Faust and Romanticism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Goethe took advantage of the heavily romantic influence and spent his life righting the play Faust. The ultimate goal of Goethe’s Faust was to achieve the understanding and sympathy of all cultures which fully embodies romanticism. Even though Faust is not strictly a piece of romantic literature, Goethe’s ideas display the characteristics of genre. In the first half of the play of Faust he goes on a walk through nature with Wagner and we see the overall comfort of Faust and the natural world. Faust goes on to talk about the qualities of nature and provides spiritual and faithful reasoning which justifying him deep down wanting to participate in nature. In the speeches that Faust makes about nature we see the early nineteenth century tradition of romanticism lifted up. When Faust returns to his studies after the walk through nature we see for the first time that he is satisfied. It is when he returns to his study that we see the jubilant spirit of Faust killed by the world of rational thinking. Goethe sees a strong spiritual connection in nature because he feels there is a spiritual connection between humans and nature. Goethe believes that nature is what feeds spirituality and the individual free thinking spirit. The human soul is viewed to feed off of a connection with nature and without this connection there cannot be completeness in an individual. Goethe views the disconnect of human happiness comes from over rationalization and the need to have a scientific explanation for everything. There is no one explanation for everything and he views that in order to feel complete and whole as a person you must return to nature to gain the qualities needed to whole. Throughout the play the reader cannot help but notice the influence of nineteenth century romantics. Goethe is looking to get across his points of romanticism through his views of nature and the thought of happiness. Faust goes through several journeys and through all of these he is looking for self-completion and satisfaction. The reader must go into reading the play with an open mind not closed off to the views of Goethe and his views of the natural. Goethe embodies his total thoughts of the natural when Gretchen receives forgiveness because of her obligation and obedience to the natural. Through all of the play Goethe is looking for the understanding of people of all views and backgrounds and fully embody the ideas of romanticism. How to cite Faust and Romanticism, Papers

Marco Polo (2747 words) Essay Example For Students

Marco Polo (2747 words) Essay Marco PoloMarco Polo is one of the most well-known heroic travelers and tradersaround the world. In my paper I will discuss with you Marco Poloslife, his travels, and his visit to China to see the great Khan. Marco Polo was born in c.1254 in Venice. He was a Venetian explorerand merchant whose account of his travels in Asia was the primary sourcefor the European image of the Far East until the late 19th century. Marcos father, Niccol?, and his uncle Maffeo had traveled to China(1260-69) as merchants. When they left (1271) Venice to return toChina, they were accompanied by 17-year-old Marco and two priests. Early LifeDespite his enduring fame, very little was known about the personallife of Marco Polo. It is known that he was born into a leadingVenetian family of merchants. He also lived during a propitious time inworld history, when the height of Venices influence as a city-statecoincided with the greatest extent of Mongol conquest of Asia(Li Man Kin9). Ruled by Kublai Khan, the Mongol Empire stretched all the way fromChina to Russia and the Levant. The Mongol hordes also threatened otherparts of Europe, particularly Poland and Hungary, inspiring feareverywhere by their bloodthirsty advances. Yet the ruthless methodsbrought a measure of stability to the lands they controlled, opening uptrade routes such as the famous Silk Road. Eventually ,the Mongolsdiscovered that it was more profitable to collect tribute from peoplethan to kill them outright, and this policy too stimulated trade(Hull 23). Into this favorable atmosphere a number of European traders ventured,including the family of Marco Polo. The Polos had long-established tiesin the Levant and around the Black Sea: for example, they owned propertyin Constantinople, and Marcos uncle, for whom he was named, had a homein Sudak in the Crimea(Rugoff 8). From Sudak, around 1260, anotheruncle, Maffeo, and Marcos father, Niccol?, made a trading visit intoMongol territory, the land of the Golden Horde(Russia), ruled by BerkeKhan. While they were there, a war broke out between Berke and theCowan of Levant , blocking their return home. Thus Niccol? and Maffeotraveled deeper into mongol territory, moving southeast to Bukhara,which was ruled by a third Cowan. While waiting there, they met anemissary traveling farther eastward who invited them to accompany him tothe court of the great Cowan, Kublai, in Cathay(modern China). InCathay, Kublai Khan gave the Polos a friendly reception, appointed themhis emissaries to the pope, and ensu red their safe travel back toEurope(Steffof 10). They were to return to Cathay with one hundredlearned men who could instruct the Mongols in the Christian religion andthe liberal arts. In 1269, Niccol? and Maffeo Polo arrived back in Venice, where Niccol?found out his wife had died while he was gone(Rugoff 5). Their son,Marco, who was only about fifteen years old, had been only six oryounger when his father left home:thus; Marco was reared primarily byhis mother and the extended Polo family-and the streets of Venice. After his mothers death, Marco had probably begun to think of himselfas something of a orphan(Rugoff 6). Then his father and uncle suddenlyreappeared, as if from the dead, after nine years of traveling infar-off, romantic lands. These experiences were the formativeinfluences on young Marco, and one can see their effects mirrored in hischaracter: a combination of sensitivity and toughness, independence andloyalty, motivated by an eagerness for adventure, a love of stories, anda desire to please or impress(Li Man Kin 10). Lifes WorkIn 1268, Pope Clement IV died, and a two- or three-year delay whileanother pope was being elected gave young Marco time to mature and toabsorb the tales of his father and uncle. Marco was seventeen years oldwhen he, his father and uncle finally set out for the court of KublaiKhan(Stefoff 13). They were accompanied not by one hundred wise men butby two Dominican friars, and the two good friars turned back at thefirst sign of adversity, another local war in the Levant. Aside fromthe popes messages, the only spiritual gift Europe was able to furnishthe great Kublai Khan was oil from the lamp burning at Jesus Christssupposed tomb in Jerusalem. Yet, in a sense, young Marco, the only newperson in the Polos party, was himself a fitting representative of thespirit of European civilization on the eve of the Renaissance, and thelack of one hundred learned Europeans guaranteed that he would catch theeye of the Cowan, who was curious about ?Latins(Hull 29). On the way to the khans court, Marco had the opportunity to completehis education. The journey took three and a half years by horsebackthrough some of the worlds most rugged terrain, including snowymountain ranges, such as the Pamirs, and parching deserts, such as theGobi. Marco and his party encountered such hazards as wild beasts andbrigands; they also met with beautiful women, in whom young Marco took aspecial interest. The group traveled numerous countries and cultures,noting food, dress, and religion unique to each(Li Man Kin 17). Inparticular, under the khanss protection the Polos were able to observea large portion of the Islamic world at close range, as few if anyEuropean Christians had. By the time they reached the khans court inKhanbalik, Marco had become a hardened traveler. He had also received aunique education and had been initiated into manhood. Kublai Khan greeted the Polos warmly and invited them to stay on in hiscourt. Here, if Marcos account is to be believed, the Polos becamegreat favorites of the khan, and Kublai eventually made Marco one of his most trusted emissaries(Great Livesfrom History 16765). On these points Marco has been accused of grossexaggeration, and the actual status of the Polos at the court of thekhan is much disputed. If at first it appears unlikely that Kublaiwould make young Marco an emissary, upon examination this seems quitereasonable. For political reasons, the khan was in the habit ofappointing foreigners to administer conquered lands, particularly China,where the tenacity of the Chinese bureaucracy was legendary. The khancould also observe for himself that young Marco was a good candidate. Finally, Marco reported back so successfully from his fistmission-informing the khan not only on business details but also oncolorful customs and other interesting trivia-that his furtherappointment was confi rmed. The journeys specifically mentioned inMarcos book, involving travel across China and a sea voyage to India,suggests that the khan did indeed trust him with some of the mostdifficult missions(Rugoff 25). Who Discoverd America EssayAlmost three-fourths of the United States teens are afraid of violentcrime amongst their peers(Apfel 23). Violence in schools has become abig problem in todays society. With all the people being injured orkilled in schools by guns and other weapons, more and more people aregetting more weapons to bring in to schools. Nearly half of all malesand one-third of all students including females said they can easilyobtain a handgun if they wanted to(Glazer 14). The cause of violence can be blamed on many things but 1 mainly. Andthat one thing is drugs and gangs. Now that more people are selling andbuying drugs, people are making money to buy weapons. Gangs, since theycame around violence has been increasing steadily. The spread of gangsand drugs has also been implicated in the increasing violence of schoolyouths(Glazer 14). Experts have also said that most violent conflicts among school-agechildren can be traced back to long-simmering disputes(Apfel 21). Carrying guns and other weapons around schools is becoming more andmore popular all around the world. People think that carrying gunsaround schools with them will make them cool or fit in with other peoplelike themselves. Theyre wrong. More and more people who are carryingguns around schools today are getting caught and having them takenaway. Since schools have gotten metal detectors and scanners, they havecut down the rate of having handguns in schools by nearly 58%(Glazer 5). Security experts have reported that there is no evidence that a metaldetector will solve the problem of violence in schools, even though itoffers a highly-visible symbol to the community(Apfel 22). Even if theschools with all the gun violence in their schools do put in metaldetectors at the front entrances of schools, their are many ways kidscan sneak in weapons to school. In 1990 congress made it a felony tobring a gun within one-thousand feet of any school under the ?Gun-FreeSchool Zones? provision of the 1990 crime prevention package. This lawwont help very much because of the fact that students can sneak inweapons through bathroom windows, or an unguarded entrance duringrecess(Glazer 6). So their isnt really a safe and reliable way to keepguns away from schools. Security has become a big part of schools today. More and more schoolshave been getting metal detectors installed. The N.Y. city publicschools report that since the introduction to metal detectors in 1988,serious incidents have declined by 58% in schools with scanners and by43% without them(Glazer 5). Every school should start putting in metaldetectors and scanners if they want to cut down violence. Some schoolsdistricts that experimented with metal detectors for a short time foundthem a bit frustrating(Gordon 27). It has become very easy to obtain a gun. A survey of Baltimorepublic-schools students showed that the four most prevalent places toget guns are street corners, friends, drug dealers, and thieves(Gordon29). And kids all over the world are getting guns from all these placesbut nobody is doing anything about it. It is very easy for someone toobtain a handgun. All they have to do is go to one of these four placesand buy one. Where do they get the money to buy these guns you ask? From selling drugs. If we could stop the selling of drugs just by maybe20% or even 15%, their would be a whole less violence due to the lack ofmoney. So nobody would be able to buy a weapon. Teachers are in as much danger of being killed or attacked as kids areschool. The risk of a teacher being attacked by a student has doubledsince 1956(Glazer 20). This is a lot considering that you dont hearabout too many teacher attacks on the news but you do hear about teensbeing killed. Approximately 100 teachers have been assaulted annuallyin the past four school years(Glazer 8). The big problem involving violence is how we can stop the violence fromspreading and increasing. Not nearly as many teens would have guns ifthey didnt get the money from selling drugs(Gordon 30). So if we canstop the selling of drugs, less people will have money to buy guns andtheir will be less violence. We can also blame our parents forviolence. When parents buy a gun and put it away, their kid could get ahold of it and bring it to school and already your in trouble. This iswhy parents should lock away their weapons not just stick it in a drawor on the top shelf of a closet. Parents are responsible for theconduct and safety of their children and buy keeping a gun where theycan get hold of it their putting them in danger(Glazer 29). Violence has caused many problems. Many people have been killed orseriously injured because of violence. What we should do to try andprevent violence in schools from increasing is teach our children youngabout this stuff and dont keep a weapon around the house unless itsnecessary. And if you do keep a weapon in your house. keep it where itcant be found that easily. Works CitedGlazer, Sarah. ?Violence In Schools.? CQ Researcher(Sept. 11,1992):787-818. Ed. Elanor Goldstein. Vol. 14. Boca Raton: Sirs,1992. Art. 78. Witkin, Gordon. ?Kids Who Kill.? U.S. News and World Report(April 8,1991): 26-35. Ed. Elanor Goldstein. Vol. 4. Boca Raton: Sirs, 1991. Art. 5. Apfel, Ira. ?Teen Violence: Real or Imagined American Demographics (June, 1995). 22-23.

Industries in Bangladesh Essay Example

Industries in Bangladesh Paper Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) provides a package of services to private sector entrepreneurs in Bangladesh in the small and cottage industries sector. It was created through an Act of Parliament in 1957 which was later amended in 1992. BSCIC has developed a total of 74 industrial estates throughout the country to foster the growth of SCIs in a balanced manner and also construction works for good number of estates including special type like Tannery, API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients) and Garments Park are under execution. Cottage Industry refers to family based/owned small sized production units with small amount of capital whose production process is based mostly on local raw materials, inherited artistic skills and simple indigenous technology. These units operate in both rural and urban areas. Many of them use hired staff on full or part-time basis. Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC), the state-owned organization for promotion and supervision of small and cottage industries in the country, defines cottage industry as small scale industrial unit run by the members of the same family either on full or part-time basis. The maximum number of workers in a cottage industry unit is 20, if it uses indigenous technology and is not run by power, and not more than 10, if it uses power-run machinery. However, for the purpose of taxation the NATIONAL BOARD OF REVENUE has defined cottage industry as an industrial unit run by a maximum of 50 workers using local skills without adopting power-run mechanical equipment. Traditionally, cottage industries have been rural-based, but in course of time and with technological advancements, they spread to urban areas to avail of transport and marketing facilities and financial support from institutional sources. We will write a custom essay sample on Industries in Bangladesh specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Industries in Bangladesh specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Industries in Bangladesh specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The area of cottage industries has now broadened remarkably from simple indigenous technology based and home-made products to sophisticated HANDICRAFTS of wide varieties. History of cottage industries in Bengal: Among the cottage industries of Bengal, COTTON is the most important, and has a history of at least two thousand years. During Roman times, MUSLIN of Eastern Bengal was a passion and a fashion with the richest of Roman ladies. One of the striking characteristics of Bengals handloom cotton TEXTILE and SILK industry was their exceptional diffusion throughout the country. In pre-British Bengal, the cotton industry was organized under pure handicraft or the domestic system of production. Small but independent producers carried on the process of production with the assistance of their own families and occasionally with the help of waged laborers. Some craftsmen, ARTISANS, and other small industrial entrepreneurs and workers were dependent on the capital of MAHAJANs. During the Mughal era, cottage industries were allowed to flourish. Only a few weavers who worked in the royal karkhanas (factories) were affected to some extent because of Mughal rules. With the coming of Europeans, the domestic system of production of cottage industries became much more common. Then European merchants, including the English and Dutch East India Companies, financed artisans, weavers, and other handicraft workers for producing goods for export to foreign destinations. Company officials however, attempted to oppress handloom cotton textile, weaving, and other cottage industries. British rulers imposed series of repressionary regulations by which they controlled price and production of textile and other cottage industry goods. In addition, the regulatory constraints, physical torture, forfeiting of goods, seizure of property, and prosecution for recovery of advances stifled weavers and made them disinclined to work for the EAST INDIA COMPANY. In fact, many indigenous artisans gave up their professions in protest. Following the Partition of Bengal in 1947, the government of Pakistan took some measures to revive and reinvigorate the declined and damaged cottage industry sector. The government recognized cottage industry as a special sector and established a Directorate of Cottage and Small Industries under the Ministry of Industries. To provide financial assistance to them, a network of branches of the Small Industries Development Corporation was established. During Pakistan period, capital investment in cottage industries was negligible and was restricted to simple implements. Both rural and urban cottage industries needed short-term credit. Cottage industries in rural areas were closely allied to agriculture, and included activities like poultry, APICULTURE, sericulture, PADDY husking and manufacture of molasses. An estimated 3 million agriculturists were engaged in cottage industries. Of them approximately 65% were in East Pakistan. The main cottage industries in urban areas included handicrafts like iron work, CANE-work, gold and silver ORNAMENTS and EMBROIDERY, hides tanning and leather goods, musical instruments, sports goods and brass and glass bangles. Persons employed in these industries were agriculturists as well as about 1. 60 million artisans. Handloom, the most significant cottage industry of Pakistan, employed about 400,000 persons. Until 1954, the cottage industry met the bulk of the countrys requirements of cloth. In the Second Five-Year Plan, the central government allocated Rs 284 million for promotion of cottage and small-scale industries. The East Pakistan Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (EPSIC) was established in 1957 by an Act of Parliament to establish and develop small and cottage industries in this region. Like most other sectors, the industrial sector, including the cottage industries of Bangladesh, were severely affected by the destructive activities of Pakistan army during the WAR OF LIBERATION. The government of Bangladesh took initiatives to rehabilitate and reorganize the cottage industries as an important vehicle for enhancing employment opportunities. EPSIC was restructured and renamed Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) and given the responsibility for promotion and development of small, cottage and rural industries in the country. The corporation is also engaged in providing finance and other support services to the cottage and small industries. 1981-2000: BSCIC conducted a survey in 1981, according to which there were 322,000 cottage industry units in Bangladesh engaged in producing 160 different types of goods categorized into eight groups in accordance with the international standard of classification of industries: First category: mong the cottage industries of the first category (food, drinks and TOBACCO processing) were MILK-products, ice cream, FRUIT processing and canning, FISH processing and canning, PULSE grinding mills, flour mills, RICE mills, paddy husking machines, bakery, confectionery, molasses-making, poultry feeds, ice making, salt and salt crushing, sweet-making, apiculture and HONEY pr ocessing and drinks, cigar and BIDI factories. Second category: Cottage industries of the second group (textile and leather) included cotton and cotton goods, silk and silk goods, tap braid and ribbon, handlooms, embroidery, hosiery, socks making, woolen goods, JUTE stakes, rope making, netting, blanket making, cap making, tailoring shops, graphics, screen printing, JAMDANI, jute bellying, hide and skin processing, shoe making and repairing, bag making, batik and screen printing, hand made carpets, weaving, khadi fabrics, puppet making and cloth-made toys, leather tanning and bed sheet and other cloth dying and painting. Third category: . Some industries included in the third category (TIMBER and wooden FURNITURE) were wooden toy making, BOAT making, hat making, cane and BAMBOO goods, stick making, musical instruments, agricultural weapons such as wooden PLOUGHs, sports goods, picture framing, grafting, house decorating materials, timber sawing, mat preparing, etc. Fourth category: Multifarious cottage industries under the next group were PAPER and PACKAGING, processing of wastage papers and making goods there from, playing cards, paper-made stationery, book binding, paper-made flowers, printing block making, paper-made bags and pots and other paper-based cottage industries and handicrafts. Fifth category: A few of the fifth (chemical, petroleum and rubber) group of cottage industries were allopathic medicine, Unani and AYURVEDIC MEDICINEs, printing and dying industries, tar/pitch, PESTICIDEs, colour and burnish, auger and candles, cosmetics and scents, hair oil, soap factories, boot polishing, glue making, tire and tube repairing, rubber-made shoes and other goods, comb and button making, porcelain, polythin bags and other plastic goods, glass-mirrors, optical glasses, brick, tally and sanitary wares, cement-based goods, chalk making, state and pencils, pencil bags, shopping bags, plastic toys and flowers, plastic containers, rubber mixed foam, choir and earth/clay industry. Sixth category: Worth mentioning among the next group of cottage industry products (non-metallic items) are sand collection, LIMESTONE and snail-based lime, chalk and colour chalk, buttons and bracelets. Seventh category: The metallic products and other machinery and equipment produced in cottage industries of Bangladesh include steel plate and printing, steel furniture, electroplating, cooking burners, lighting equipment, steel/iron-made nets, strainer making, spades, knives of different types and other agricultural and domestically usable weapons, lantern, hair clips, bolt and nuts, sanitary wares, lock and keys, light engineering, electrical equipment, bicycles and other two and three wheeler vehicles, blacksmiths, goldsmiths, repairing of radio, watch, television and other mechanical items, electric and electronic equipment, carpenters, painters, etc. Eighth category: The last group includes various types of handicraft products and other cottage industries. The Agricultural Census of 1983-84 defined the cottage industry as household level manufacturing units that produce goods manually and with elementary tools within households and use the sale proceeds for subsistence of household members. The census recorded 932,000 such households, 20. 7% of which were involved in weaving, 15. 4% in bamboo and cane products, 8. 1% carpentry, 6. 1% jute and thread products, 3. 4% in pottery, 3. 3% in oil extraction, 3. 2% in ironwork, 0. 8% in bronze and silver work, and the rest 39% in different other works. Involving work Percentage of people weaving20. 7 Bamboo and cane products15. 4 Carpentry8. 1 Jute and thread products6. 1 pottery3. 4 oil extraction3. 3 ironwork3. 2 bronze and silver work0. 8 Different work39 Important cottage industry units: cottage industries during 1999-2000 made by both entrepreneurs and BSCIC stood at Tk 500. 80 million During 1999-2000, a total of 4,085 industrial units were registered with BSCIC. Of them, 3,240 were cottage industries The most important among the small and cottage industry units were those in weaving and hosiery. Major places of concentration of weaving and hosiery were identified as I BABURHAT, BAJITPUR, BHAIRAB, TANGAIL, SHAHJADPUR, MURADNAGAR and KUMARKHALI. CHITTAGONG HILL TRACT districts are also famous for indigenous weaving products. Bangladesh made some progress in manufacturing silk at the cottage industry level by using silkworm in MULBERRY trees cultivated widely in areas like RAJSHAHI, BHOLAHAT, NAWABGANJ, Khadimnagar, Bhatiari and Chandraghona. Other cottage industries developed in Bangladesh in the 1980s include bronze and brass utensils of Chapainawabganj and Islampur, LAC DYE of Nawabganj, catechu of Rajshahi, cane and bamboo mats and furniture of SYLHET, pottery and bamboo products of COMILLA, Cheroot of COXS BAZAAR, choir products of BARISAL, combs of JESSORE, and checkered carpets of Nisbetganj Impact of cottage industry: Cottage industries provide economic opportunities for the poor or the middle-income section of people through employment and income generation schemes all over the world, and especially in low income and technologically underdeveloped countries such as Bangladesh. Table Industry of Bangladesh in 1991 Number Value (Million Tk) Establishments (by admin. divisions) All26446Fixed Assets102415 Dhaka11790Products and by-products total213073 Chittagong3791Finished products210301 Rajshahi7765by-products2628 Khulna3100industrial wastes144 Workers Both sexes1156204Taxes paid11298 Male979328 Female176876Gross output222868 All employees Both sexes1327287Gross value added73249 Male1128905Value added at factor cost51090 Female198382 The government continu

Flat Adverbs Are Flat-Out Useful

Flat Adverbs Are Flat-Out Useful Flat Adverbs Are Flat-Out Useful Flat Adverbs Are Flat-Out Useful By Mark Nichol An adverb is a word that modifies a verb or another adverb, or perhaps an adjective or possibly even a clause or an entire sentence. How versatile! But there’s more to this part of speech: It can sometimes shed the nearly ubiquitous -ly ending and, though it subsequently appears to be an adjective, retains its adverbial function. The most notorious instance of this transformation was the 1997 Apple Computer ad campaign that urged people to â€Å"Think different.† Oh, the uproar from uptight grammarians! (Followed by a quieter â€Å"Get over it† from ahem more open-minded observers.) Not only has different been attested in adverbial use for hundreds of years, but many other similar terms are part of the language (and they used to be even more common than they are now). Some flat adverbs have no normal adverbial form (that is, one ending in -ly): Straight is one example. Others have a normal form, but the two forms have distinct meanings (â€Å"Jump high,† but â€Å"I think highly of her†). Still others are interchangeable. (â€Å"Hold on tight† and â€Å"Hold on tightly† mean the same thing.) Here are some other flat adverbs; note how they’re most often suitable for brief imperative sentences (those in which the writer is issuing a direction or a command): 1. Bright: This word is interchangeable with brightly in sentences such as â€Å"The stars shine so bright on moonless nights.† 2. Clean: This usage is distinct from the -ly form: The idiomatic expression â€Å"Come clean† doesn’t have the same sense as the literal phrase â€Å"Come cleanly shaved.† 3. Close: The flat form and the normal form have related but different meanings: â€Å"Keep close,† but â€Å"Keep closely arrayed in formation.† 4. Deep: This term can be interchangeable with the -ly form (â€Å"Breathe deep† and â€Å"Breathe deeply† are identical in meaning), but it also has a distinct idiomatic usage: â€Å"Go deep.† 5. Far: This flat adverb has no -ly form: â€Å"You will go far in life.† 6. Fast: Fast is another flat adverb with no normal equivalent: â€Å"Run fast.† 7. Flat: The flat and normal senses of this term are similar but distinct: â€Å"I was turned down flat,† but â€Å"I was flatly refused.† 8. Hard: Hard and its -ly form are highly distinct in meaning: â€Å"I hit it hard† is almost the opposite of â€Å"I hardly hit it.† 9. Kind: Kind and kindly have slightly different roles: â€Å"Be kind,† but â€Å"Think kindly of her.† 10. Quick: This flat adverb is interchangeable with its normal equivalent: â€Å"Come quick† and â€Å"Come quickly† mean the same thing. 11. Right: Right and rightly have different senses: â€Å"Do right,† â€Å"Stay right there,† or â€Å"He aimed right for the target,† but â€Å"You are rightly upset.† 12. Sharp: Sharp and its normal form are interchangeable (â€Å"Dress sharp,† or â€Å"Dress sharply†), but there’s also a distinct flat-form meaning: â€Å"Show up at eight o’clock sharp.† 13. Slow: Slow and slowly are interchangeable: â€Å"Drive slow† and â€Å"Drive slowly† mean the same thing. 14. Soon: This flat adverb has no -ly equivalent: â€Å"Come again soon.† 15. Tough: This adverb is also without a normal version: â€Å"Hang tough.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Types of LanguageSelect vs. Selected3 Types of Essays Are Models for Professional Writing Forms

Place, Promotion and Price Strategies ZTE Computer Tablet Market Entry Research Paper

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